simpkins



(No Model.) l 2 Sheets-Sheet 1'. 1LT.. SIMPKINS. BAKERS OVEN.

Patented Aug.'3, 1886.

(No Model.) 2 sneetsheet 2.

A. T. SIMPKINS.

v BAKBRS OVEN.

, No. 346,621. Patented Aug. 3, 1886.

iii. i -..mlm

IHIII N. PETRS, Fhnkwlilhulnpher. Wuhnginn. D. C1

liflNrTnD STATES ATsNT FFECE@ BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No'. 346,621, dated August 3, 1886.

Application filed June S, 1895. Serial No. 163,094. (No model.)

To all whom it may con-cern.-

Be it known that I, ALVIN T. SIMPKINs, of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bakers7 Ovens, of which the following is a' full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-- Figure l is a horizontal section of my bakers oven on line l 1 of Fig. 5; Fig. 2, a vertical section of the same on line 2 2 of Fig. l.; Fig. 3, a vertical section of the same on line 3 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4t, a vertical section of the same on line 4 et of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a vertical section of the same on line 5 5 of Fig. l.

This invention relates to the construction of a bakers oven in such manner that it will retain the steam generated in the baking process, and thus secure the application of a moist heat to the article being baked; also, that the oven will heat quickly and retain its heat for a long time, even after the fire in the hearth has gone out. Vith these main objects in View I construct my oven in the following manner:

Except as hereinafter particularly stated, my oven is constructed of fire-proof masonry. Underneath the front of the oven proper is the fire-place A A, which is inthe usual form. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) Leading from lire-place A A, and underneath the remainder of the .oven proper, is a flue, B, provided, preferably,

with an inclined bottom, B.

Gis-the oven proper. This oven at all its sides, except the top, is provided with a thick wall of masonry, preferably brick, and the only openings into said oven are through a door or doors at its front end, as by door c. Back of the oven, and in open connection with flue B, is a vertical lue or fines, D, and this fine j) connects with a certain number of horizontal flues, E, leading from their connection with flue D in the direction of the arrows, asy shown at E, Fig. S-that is, toward the front wall of the oven. These horizontal fines,

which connect with the vertical flue D, open` directly into flue D at Athe back end of the oven, follow along horizontally the line of the top of the oven proper, and then at the front end of oven they connect with the other horizontal fines, G, situated on the same plane.

These other horizontal fines G connect with flues E at the front end of the oven, but they do not connect with the vertical iiue D; but

at the back end of oven they connect, in any V suitable manner, with the chimney. (Shown in broken section in Figs. 3 and 4t.)

A horizontal section, Fig. l, shows the connectionsand relative constructions of flues E and G. The number of these fiues'is regulated by the size of the oven which it may be desirable to build. They are separated from each other by partition-walls K, except at the point where a ilue, E, may connect with a flue, G. The bottoms of these flues E and G form the top of the oven C, and these bottoms of the ilues E and G are made in the following manner: Resting on they masonry of the rear wall, L, when forming the bottom of a flue, G, or on the masonry of the rear walls, L and M, when forming'bottorn of a flue, E, I place horizontallylong V-shaped pieces of iron, O, and these V-shaped irons form not only the crown of the oven and the support for the walls K K, but also, by their shape, give strength to the crown of the oven; also, being of iron, they readily fake up the heat passing into the flues and transmit the rays of heat to the oven O. Their shape also gives a greater radiating-surface for the oven, and also directs the rays of heat at right angles to each other upon the articles being cooked, as shown in Fig. 2. By making the fines E G: comparatively large say ten inches deep by eight inches wide-an advantage is derived in this, that the products of combustion in passing through will not pass so rapidly, but their passage will be made gradual, thus giving the walls and irons a better opportunity to absorb the heat.

The operation of my invention is as follows; Fire being started in the hearth A, the products of combustion pass into the line B, then into the vertical flue D, from there into the horizontal iiu'es E, along their entire length to the opening in their adjoining horizontal flues G, back to the chimney. Thus the oven is surrounded by heat, the products of combustion being underneathl the oven G in the flue B, back of the oven in the flue D, throughout the top of the oven in the flues E and G, and circulating throughout the top of oven in the way best calculated to do good-that is, so

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as to thoroughly heat the walls of the oven, and so that the rays of heat through the irons O, being directed into the oven at cross angles,

reach the oven directly in every part, and thus produce a more thorough and even heat.

I am aware that ovens having a bakingehamber the top of which is formed of a metal plate, as described in German Letters Patent No. 15,554-, are not new, and I do not desire to claim the same.

I claim- 1. In a bakers oven, the combination of the chamber C, fire-chamber A, and ilue B, situate below the chamber C, rising lues D, horizontal ilues E, situate above the chamber C and communicating with the iluesD,i1ues G,situate on the same horizontal plane with the luesl E and communicating therewith at the ends removed from the ilues l), and V-shaped partitions O between the lues E G and the top of 2o ALVIN T. SIMPKINS.

Vitnesses:

IAUL BAKEWELL, J es. W. Cnoonns. 

